Mercury Data

Mean distance from Sun: 0.387 AU = 5.79x107 km Maximum distance from Sun: 0.467 AU=6.98x107 km Minimum distance from Sun: 0.307 AU=4.60x107 Mean orbital velocity: 47.4 km/s Siderial period: 87.969 days Rotation period: 58.646 days Inclination of equator to orbit: 0° Inclination of orbit to ecliptic: 7°00'16" Orbital eccentricity: 0.206 Diameter(equatorial): 4878 km Diameter (Earth = 1): 0.382 Apparent diameter from Earth:Max: 12.9" Apparent diameter from Earth:Min: 4.5" Mass: 3.3x1023 kg Mass(Earth=1): 0.055 Mean density 5427 kg/m3 Surface gravity (Earth = 1) 0.38 Escape velocity 4.3 km/s Oblateness 0 Mean surface temperature:day 350°C=662°F=623K Mean surface temperature:night -170°C=-274°F=103K Albedo 0.1 Brightest magnitude -1.9 Mean diameter of Sun from Mercury 1°22'40"

Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto Comparison Table

Data from Kaufmann

Venus Data

Mean distance from Sun: 0.723 AU = 1.082x108 km Maximum distance from Sun: 0.728 AU=1.089x108 km Minimum distance from Sun: 0.718 AU=1.075x108 km Mean orbital velocity: 35.0 km/s Siderial period: 224.70 days Rotation period: 243.01 days Retrograde Inclination of equator to orbit: 177.4° Inclination of orbit to ecliptic: 3°23'40" Orbital eccentricity: 0.007 Diameter(equatorial): 12,104 km Diameter (Earth = 1): 0.949 Apparent diameter from Earth:Max: 65.2" Apparent diameter from Earth:Min: 9.5" Mass: 4.87x1024 kg Mass(Earth=1): 0.8150 Mean density 5240 kg/m3 Surface gravity (Earth = 1) 0.903 Escape velocity 10.4 km/s Oblateness 0 Mean surface temperature 480°C=900°F=750K Albedo 0.65 Brightest magnitude -4.4 Mean diameter of Sun from Venus 44'15"

Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto Comparison Table

Data from Kaufmann

Earth Data

Mean distance from Sun: 1.000 AU = 1.496x108 km Maximum distance from Sun: 1.017 AU=1.521x108 km Minimum distance from Sun: 0.983 AU=1.471x108 km Mean orbital velocity: 29.8 km/s Siderial period: 365.256 days Rotation period: 23.9345 hours Inclination of equator to orbit: 23° 27' Inclination of orbit to ecliptic: 0° Orbital eccentricity: 0.0167 Diameter(equatorial): 12,756 km Mass: 5.976x1024 kg Mean density 5500 kg/m3 Escape velocity 11.2 km/s Oblateness 0.0034 Mean surface temperature 20°C=68°F=293K Surface temperature:max 60°C=140°F=333K Surface temperature:min -90°C=-130°F=183K Albedo* 0.39 Brightest magnitude -1.9 Mean diameter of Sun from Earth 0°32'

Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto Comparison Table

Data from Kaufmann

Additional data:

Acceleration of gravity on surface of earth	9.8 m/s2
Range on earth's surface about	9.77 to 9.83 m/s2
Air Density, standard	1.29 kg/m3
Average molecular mass	.0289 kg/mole
At STP a mole of air occupies	22.4 liters = .0224 m3
One cubic meter of air contains	44.64 moles

Mars Data

Mean distance from Sun: 1.524 AU = 2.279x108 km Maximum distance from Sun: 1.666 AU=2.491x108 km Minimum distance from Sun: 1.382 AU=2.067x108 km Mean orbital velocity: 24.1 km/s Siderial period: 686.98 days 1.88 yrs Rotation period: 24hr 37m 23s Inclination of equator to orbit: 25° 11' Inclination of orbit to ecliptic: 1°50'59" Orbital eccentricity: 0.093 Diameter(equatorial): 6794 km Diameter (Earth = 1): 0.532 Apparent diameter from Earth:Max: 25.7" Apparent diameter from Earth:Min: 3.5" Mass: 6.42x1023 kg Mass(Earth=1): 0.107 Mean density 3940 kg/m3 Surface gravity (Earth = 1) 0.380 Escape velocity 5.0 km/s Oblateness 0.006 Surface temperature:max 20°C=68°F=293K Surface temperature:min -140°C=-220°F=133K Albedo 0.15 Brightest magnitude -2.0 Mean diameter of Sun from Mars 21'

Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto Comparison Table

Data from Kaufmann

Jupiter Data

Mean distance from Sun: 5.203 AU = 7.786x108 km Maximum distance from Sun: 5.455 AU=8.157x108 km Minimum distance from Sun: 4.951 AU=7.409x108 km Mean orbital velocity: 13.1 km/s Siderial period: 11.86 yr Rotation period: 9hr 50m 30s equatorial Inclination of equator to orbit: 3° 04' Inclination of orbit to ecliptic: 1°18' Orbital eccentricity: 0.048 Diameter(equatorial): 142,984 km 133,500 km polar Diameter (Earth = 1): 11.19 10.47 polar Apparent diameter from Earth:Max: 50.1" Apparent diameter from Earth:Min: 30.4" Mass: 1.90x1027 kg Mass(Earth=1): 317.8 Mean density 1326 kg/m3 Surface gravity (Earth = 1) 2.53 Escape velocity 59.5 km/s Oblateness 0.065 Mean surface temperature:cloudtops -110°C=-166°F=163K Albedo 0.52 Brightest magnitude -2.7 Mean diameter of Sun from Jupiter 6'09"

Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto Comparison Table

Data from Kaufmann