Mercury Data

Mean distance from Sun:
0.387 AU = 5.79x107 km
Maximum distance from Sun:
0.467 AU=6.98x107 km
Minimum distance from Sun:
0.307 AU=4.60x107
Mean orbital velocity:
47.4 km/s
Siderial period:
87.969 days
Rotation period:
58.646 days
Inclination of equator to orbit:
Inclination of orbit to ecliptic:
7°00'16"
Orbital eccentricity:
0.206
Diameter(equatorial):
4878 km
Diameter (Earth = 1):
0.382
Apparent diameter from Earth:Max:
12.9"
Apparent diameter from Earth:Min:
4.5"
Mass:
3.3x1023 kg
Mass(Earth=1):
0.055
Mean density
5427 kg/m3
Surface gravity (Earth = 1)
0.38
Escape velocity
4.3 km/s
Oblateness
0
Mean surface temperature:day
350°C=662°F=623K
Mean surface temperature:night
-170°C=-274°F=103K
Albedo
0.1
Brightest magnitude
-1.9
Mean diameter of Sun from Mercury
1°22'40"
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Pluto
Comparison Table

Data from Kaufmann

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Venus Data

Mean distance from Sun:
0.723 AU = 1.082x108 km
Maximum distance from Sun:
0.728 AU=1.089x108 km
Minimum distance from Sun:
0.718 AU=1.075x108 km
Mean orbital velocity:
35.0 km/s
Siderial period:
224.70 days
Rotation period:
243.01 days
Retrograde
Inclination of equator to orbit:
177.4°
Inclination of orbit to ecliptic:
3°23'40"
Orbital eccentricity:
0.007
Diameter(equatorial):
12,104 km
Diameter (Earth = 1):
0.949
Apparent diameter from Earth:Max:
65.2"
Apparent diameter from Earth:Min:
9.5"
Mass:
4.87x1024 kg
Mass(Earth=1):
0.8150
Mean density
5240 kg/m3
Surface gravity (Earth = 1)
0.903
Escape velocity
10.4 km/s
Oblateness
0
Mean surface temperature
480°C=900°F=750K
Albedo
0.65
Brightest magnitude
-4.4
Mean diameter of Sun from Venus
44'15"
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Pluto
Comparison Table

Data from Kaufmann

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Earth Data

Mean distance from Sun:
1.000 AU = 1.496x108 km
Maximum distance from Sun:
1.017 AU=1.521x108 km
Minimum distance from Sun:
0.983 AU=1.471x108 km
Mean orbital velocity:
29.8 km/s
Siderial period:
365.256 days
Rotation period:
23.9345 hours
Inclination of equator to orbit:
23° 27'
Inclination of orbit to ecliptic:
Orbital eccentricity:
0.0167
Diameter(equatorial):
12,756 km
Mass:
5.976x1024 kg
Mean density
5500 kg/m3
Escape velocity
11.2 km/s
Oblateness
0.0034
Mean surface temperature
20°C=68°F=293K
Surface temperature:max
60°C=140°F=333K
Surface temperature:min
-90°C=-130°F=183K
Albedo*
0.39
Brightest magnitude
-1.9
Mean diameter of Sun from Earth
0°32'
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Pluto
Comparison Table

Data from Kaufmann

*Albedo is the fraction of light reflected from an object.

Additional data:
Acceleration of gravity on surface of earth 9.8 m/s2
Range on earth's surface about 9.77 to 9.83 m/s2
Air Density, standard1.29 kg/m3
Average molecular mass .0289 kg/mole
At STP a mole of air occupies 22.4 liters = .0224 m3
One cubic meter of air contains 44.64 moles

Composition of dry air
Component Percentage Partial pressure(mmHg)
Nitrogen
78.08
593.4
Oxygen
20.95
159.2
Argon
0.93
7.1
Carbon dioxide
.03
0.2
Elements in Earth's crust
Magnetic field
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Mars Data

Mean distance from Sun:
1.524 AU = 2.279x108 km
Maximum distance from Sun:
1.666 AU=2.491x108 km
Minimum distance from Sun:
1.382 AU=2.067x108 km
Mean orbital velocity:
24.1 km/s
Siderial period:
686.98 days
1.88 yrs
Rotation period:
24hr 37m 23s
Inclination of equator to orbit:
25° 11'
Inclination of orbit to ecliptic:
1°50'59"
Orbital eccentricity:
0.093
Diameter(equatorial):
6794 km
Diameter (Earth = 1):
0.532
Apparent diameter from Earth:Max:
25.7"
Apparent diameter from Earth:Min:
3.5"
Mass:
6.42x1023 kg
Mass(Earth=1):
0.107
Mean density
3940 kg/m3
Surface gravity (Earth = 1)
0.380
Escape velocity
5.0 km/s
Oblateness
0.006
Surface temperature:max
20°C=68°F=293K
Surface temperature:min
-140°C=-220°F=133K
Albedo
0.15
Brightest magnitude
-2.0
Mean diameter of Sun from Mars
21'
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Pluto
Comparison Table

Data from Kaufmann

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Jupiter Data

Mean distance from Sun:
5.203 AU = 7.786x108 km
Maximum distance from Sun:
5.455 AU=8.157x108 km
Minimum distance from Sun:
4.951 AU=7.409x108 km
Mean orbital velocity:
13.1 km/s
Siderial period:
11.86 yr
Rotation period:
9hr 50m 30s
equatorial
Inclination of equator to orbit:
3° 04'
Inclination of orbit to ecliptic:
1°18'
Orbital eccentricity:
0.048
Diameter(equatorial):
142,984 km
133,500 km polar
Diameter (Earth = 1):
11.19
10.47 polar
Apparent diameter from Earth:Max:
50.1"
Apparent diameter from Earth:Min:
30.4"
Mass:
1.90x1027 kg
Mass(Earth=1):
317.8
Mean density
1326 kg/m3
Surface gravity (Earth = 1)
2.53
Escape velocity
59.5 km/s
Oblateness
0.065
Mean surface temperature:cloudtops
-110°C=-166°F=163K
Albedo
0.52
Brightest magnitude
-2.7
Mean diameter of Sun from Jupiter
6'09"
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Pluto
Comparison Table

Data from Kaufmann

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