Chlorine

Symbol ClAtomic number 17
Atomic mass
35.453
Thermal conductivity
.000089
Atomic radius
0.97
Covalent radius
0.99
Density
.00317
Atomic volume
22.7
Melting point
172.17
Oxidation states
1,3,5,7
Boiling point
239.1
Stable isotopes
2
Heat of vapor.
10.2
Electronegativity
3.16
Heat of fusion
3.203
First ionization
12.967
Specific heat
0.48
Electrical conduct.
...
Electron configuration

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Chlorine

Chlorine is the most common of the halogens. It is not as chemically active as fluorine, but is still very active and forms compounds with most elements. In pure form, it is a greenish-yellow gas with a sharp, irritating odor. It is manufactured on a large scale by electrolysis of concentrated solutions of sodium chloride.

Chlorine is a strong oxidizing agent and as a result is effective in killing bacteria. This has led to widespread use in the sterilization of drinking water, for swimming pools, etc.

Hydrogen chloride, HCl, is a gas with a sharp unpleasant odor. The gas dissolves readily in water with the liberation of heat. This forms hydrochloric acid, a very strong acid.

Chlorine is a constituent of many mineral crystals. From simple clear ionic crystals like halite, NaCl, to more complex halide containing minerals like the yellow crystals of mimetite, Pb5(AsO4)3Cl, chlorides show a range of colors. One lead chloride mineral is mendipite, PbO2Cl2. A chloride of copper and lead is diaboleite. A chloride of lead and antimony is nadorite, PbSbO2Cl. Lead with chlorine and fluorine form matlockite. Other lead-containing chloride minerals are boleite, cumengite and laurionite. Chlorine is in the lead-containing carbonate mineral phosgenite. Chlorine appears with copper in atacamite.

Chlorine appears in the phosphate mineral chlorapatite. It appears with copper in the sulfate mineral connellite. Chlorine is a component with mercury in the sulfate mineral kleinite. Chlorine is found in the silicate mineral marialite.

Chlorine appears in the carbonate mineral northupite.
NaCl

Atomic dataNuclear data
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Chemistry concepts

Reference
Pauling
Ch. 13
 
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Chlorine Nuclear Data

Z
A
Atomic
Mass (u)
Nuclear
Mass(GeV/c2
Binding
Energy(MeV)
Spin
Natural
Abund.
Half-life
Decay
Q
MeV
17
35
34.968853
32.5649
298.21
3/2
0.7577
stable
...
...
17
36
35.968307
33.4958
306.79
2
...
0.3My
b+,b-
.071,1.14
17
37
36.965903
34.4251
317.1
3/2
0.2423
stable
...
...
17
39
38.968004
36.2901
331.29
3/2
...
55.7m
b-
3.44
Atomic data
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Periodic Table

Chemistry concepts

Reference
Rohlf
 
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