Barium

Symbol BaAtomic number 56
Atomic mass
137.33
Thermal conductivity
0.184
Atomic radius
2.78
Covalent radius
1.98
Density
3.5
Atomic volume
39.24
Melting point
1002
Oxidation states
2
Boiling point
1913
Stable isotopes
7
Heat of vapor.
142.0
Electronegativity
0.89
Heat of fusion
7.75
First ionization
5.212
Specific heat
0.204
Electrical conduct.
...
Electron configuration

General descriptionNuclear data
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Barium

Barium is a metal, but has no significant uses as such.

A significant medical use of barium is to enhance x-ray images of the intestinal tract. Barium has a high atomic number and absorbs x-rays strongly. A thin paste of barium sulfate, BaSO4, and water is is swallowed to coat the alimentary canal. This gives greater definition and contrast to the x-ray images of the tract. The low solubility of barium sulfate minimizes the toxic effects which might occur with other barium compounds. The mineral form of barium sulfate is called barite.

Barium nitrate Ba(NO3)2 and barium chlorate Ba(ClO3)2 are used for producing green fire from fireworks. Barium is used in the manufacture of paint pigments.

Barium appears in the carbonate mineral Benstonite. Barium carbonate, BaCO3, in mineral form is called Witherite. Along with calcium, barium forms the carbonate mineral alstonite.

Barium appears in the phosphate mineral kulanite along with manganese.

An oxide formed along with manganese is called romanechite. Barium appears in an oxide of manganese with potassium called Hollandite. Barium appears with vanadium and lead in an oxide mineral of uranium, Francevillite

Barium is sometimes found in silicate minerals, for example hyalophane, (K,Ba)Al(Si,Al)3O8. The silicate Joaquinite contains barium along with iron, titanium and cerium. The silicates Brewsterite and heulandite contain barium along with strontium. Edingtonite is barium aluminum silicate of the zeolite group with the composition Ba[Al2Si3O10].4H2O.

Atomic dataNuclear data
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Periodic Table

Chemistry concepts

Reference
Pauling
 
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Barium Nuclear Data

Z
A
Atomic
Mass (u)
Nuclear
Mass(GeV/c2
Binding
Energy(MeV)
Spin
Natural
Abund.
Half-life
Decay
Q
MeV
56
130
129.906281
120.9793
1092.8
0
0.00106
stable
...
...
56
132
131.905043
122.8411
1110.1
0
0.00101
stable
...
...
56
133
132.905988
123.7735
1117.3
1/2
...
10.53y
EC
0.52
56
134
133.904485
124.7036
1126.7
0
0.02417
stable
...
...
56
135
134.905665
125.6362
1133.7
3/2
0.06592
stable
...
...
56
136
135.904553
126.5667
1142.8
0
0.07854
stable
...
...
56
137
136.905812
127.4994
1149.7
3/2
0.1123
stable
...
...
56
138
137.905233
128.4303
1158.3
0
0.717
stable
...
...
56
140
139.910581
130.2983
1169.5
0
...
12.76d
b-
1.03
56
142
141.916361
132.1667
1180.2
0
...
10.7m
b-
2.13
56
143
142.920483
133.1020
1184.5
5/2
...
15s
b-
4.2
56
144
143.922845
134.0357
1190.3
0
...
11.5s
b-
3.0
Atomic data
Index

Periodic Table

Chemistry concepts

Reference
Rohlf
 
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